Staging
v0.5.1
v0.5.1
https://github.com/python/cpython
Tip revision: 74f4bd53e03ded8408bcc2de67cf0f5a4ac5b1a1 authored by Barry Warsaw on 23 February 2012, 15:59:38 UTC
Bump some more copyright years (as per PEP 101), since this is the first
Bump some more copyright years (as per PEP 101), since this is the first
Tip revision: 74f4bd5
__init__.py
######################################################################
# This file should be kept compatible with Python 2.3, see PEP 291. #
######################################################################
"""create and manipulate C data types in Python"""
import os as _os, sys as _sys
__version__ = "1.1.0"
from _ctypes import Union, Structure, Array
from _ctypes import _Pointer
from _ctypes import CFuncPtr as _CFuncPtr
from _ctypes import __version__ as _ctypes_version
from _ctypes import RTLD_LOCAL, RTLD_GLOBAL
from _ctypes import ArgumentError
from struct import calcsize as _calcsize
if __version__ != _ctypes_version:
raise Exception("Version number mismatch", __version__, _ctypes_version)
if _os.name in ("nt", "ce"):
from _ctypes import FormatError
DEFAULT_MODE = RTLD_LOCAL
if _os.name == "posix" and _sys.platform == "darwin":
# On OS X 10.3, we use RTLD_GLOBAL as default mode
# because RTLD_LOCAL does not work at least on some
# libraries. OS X 10.3 is Darwin 7, so we check for
# that.
if int(_os.uname()[2].split('.')[0]) < 8:
DEFAULT_MODE = RTLD_GLOBAL
from _ctypes import FUNCFLAG_CDECL as _FUNCFLAG_CDECL, \
FUNCFLAG_PYTHONAPI as _FUNCFLAG_PYTHONAPI, \
FUNCFLAG_USE_ERRNO as _FUNCFLAG_USE_ERRNO, \
FUNCFLAG_USE_LASTERROR as _FUNCFLAG_USE_LASTERROR
"""
WINOLEAPI -> HRESULT
WINOLEAPI_(type)
STDMETHODCALLTYPE
STDMETHOD(name)
STDMETHOD_(type, name)
STDAPICALLTYPE
"""
def create_string_buffer(init, size=None):
"""create_string_buffer(aString) -> character array
create_string_buffer(anInteger) -> character array
create_string_buffer(aString, anInteger) -> character array
"""
if isinstance(init, (str, unicode)):
if size is None:
size = len(init)+1
buftype = c_char * size
buf = buftype()
buf.value = init
return buf
elif isinstance(init, (int, long)):
buftype = c_char * init
buf = buftype()
return buf
raise TypeError(init)
def c_buffer(init, size=None):
## "deprecated, use create_string_buffer instead"
## import warnings
## warnings.warn("c_buffer is deprecated, use create_string_buffer instead",
## DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
return create_string_buffer(init, size)
_c_functype_cache = {}
def CFUNCTYPE(restype, *argtypes, **kw):
"""CFUNCTYPE(restype, *argtypes,
use_errno=False, use_last_error=False) -> function prototype.
restype: the result type
argtypes: a sequence specifying the argument types
The function prototype can be called in different ways to create a
callable object:
prototype(integer address) -> foreign function
prototype(callable) -> create and return a C callable function from callable
prototype(integer index, method name[, paramflags]) -> foreign function calling a COM method
prototype((ordinal number, dll object)[, paramflags]) -> foreign function exported by ordinal
prototype((function name, dll object)[, paramflags]) -> foreign function exported by name
"""
flags = _FUNCFLAG_CDECL
if kw.pop("use_errno", False):
flags |= _FUNCFLAG_USE_ERRNO
if kw.pop("use_last_error", False):
flags |= _FUNCFLAG_USE_LASTERROR
if kw:
raise ValueError("unexpected keyword argument(s) %s" % kw.keys())
try:
return _c_functype_cache[(restype, argtypes, flags)]
except KeyError:
class CFunctionType(_CFuncPtr):
_argtypes_ = argtypes
_restype_ = restype
_flags_ = flags
_c_functype_cache[(restype, argtypes, flags)] = CFunctionType
return CFunctionType
if _os.name in ("nt", "ce"):
from _ctypes import LoadLibrary as _dlopen
from _ctypes import FUNCFLAG_STDCALL as _FUNCFLAG_STDCALL
if _os.name == "ce":
# 'ce' doesn't have the stdcall calling convention
_FUNCFLAG_STDCALL = _FUNCFLAG_CDECL
_win_functype_cache = {}
def WINFUNCTYPE(restype, *argtypes, **kw):
# docstring set later (very similar to CFUNCTYPE.__doc__)
flags = _FUNCFLAG_STDCALL
if kw.pop("use_errno", False):
flags |= _FUNCFLAG_USE_ERRNO
if kw.pop("use_last_error", False):
flags |= _FUNCFLAG_USE_LASTERROR
if kw:
raise ValueError("unexpected keyword argument(s) %s" % kw.keys())
try:
return _win_functype_cache[(restype, argtypes, flags)]
except KeyError:
class WinFunctionType(_CFuncPtr):
_argtypes_ = argtypes
_restype_ = restype
_flags_ = flags
_win_functype_cache[(restype, argtypes, flags)] = WinFunctionType
return WinFunctionType
if WINFUNCTYPE.__doc__:
WINFUNCTYPE.__doc__ = CFUNCTYPE.__doc__.replace("CFUNCTYPE", "WINFUNCTYPE")
elif _os.name == "posix":
from _ctypes import dlopen as _dlopen
from _ctypes import sizeof, byref, addressof, alignment, resize
from _ctypes import get_errno, set_errno
from _ctypes import _SimpleCData
def _check_size(typ, typecode=None):
# Check if sizeof(ctypes_type) against struct.calcsize. This
# should protect somewhat against a misconfigured libffi.
from struct import calcsize
if typecode is None:
# Most _type_ codes are the same as used in struct
typecode = typ._type_
actual, required = sizeof(typ), calcsize(typecode)
if actual != required:
raise SystemError("sizeof(%s) wrong: %d instead of %d" % \
(typ, actual, required))
class py_object(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "O"
def __repr__(self):
try:
return super(py_object, self).__repr__()
except ValueError:
return "%s(<NULL>)" % type(self).__name__
_check_size(py_object, "P")
class c_short(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "h"
_check_size(c_short)
class c_ushort(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "H"
_check_size(c_ushort)
class c_long(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "l"
_check_size(c_long)
class c_ulong(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "L"
_check_size(c_ulong)
if _calcsize("i") == _calcsize("l"):
# if int and long have the same size, make c_int an alias for c_long
c_int = c_long
c_uint = c_ulong
else:
class c_int(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "i"
_check_size(c_int)
class c_uint(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "I"
_check_size(c_uint)
class c_float(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "f"
_check_size(c_float)
class c_double(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "d"
_check_size(c_double)
class c_longdouble(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "g"
if sizeof(c_longdouble) == sizeof(c_double):
c_longdouble = c_double
if _calcsize("l") == _calcsize("q"):
# if long and long long have the same size, make c_longlong an alias for c_long
c_longlong = c_long
c_ulonglong = c_ulong
else:
class c_longlong(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "q"
_check_size(c_longlong)
class c_ulonglong(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "Q"
## def from_param(cls, val):
## return ('d', float(val), val)
## from_param = classmethod(from_param)
_check_size(c_ulonglong)
class c_ubyte(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "B"
c_ubyte.__ctype_le__ = c_ubyte.__ctype_be__ = c_ubyte
# backward compatibility:
##c_uchar = c_ubyte
_check_size(c_ubyte)
class c_byte(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "b"
c_byte.__ctype_le__ = c_byte.__ctype_be__ = c_byte
_check_size(c_byte)
class c_char(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "c"
c_char.__ctype_le__ = c_char.__ctype_be__ = c_char
_check_size(c_char)
class c_char_p(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "z"
if _os.name == "nt":
def __repr__(self):
if not windll.kernel32.IsBadStringPtrA(self, -1):
return "%s(%r)" % (self.__class__.__name__, self.value)
return "%s(%s)" % (self.__class__.__name__, cast(self, c_void_p).value)
else:
def __repr__(self):
return "%s(%s)" % (self.__class__.__name__, cast(self, c_void_p).value)
_check_size(c_char_p, "P")
class c_void_p(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "P"
c_voidp = c_void_p # backwards compatibility (to a bug)
_check_size(c_void_p)
class c_bool(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "?"
from _ctypes import POINTER, pointer, _pointer_type_cache
try:
from _ctypes import set_conversion_mode
except ImportError:
pass
else:
if _os.name in ("nt", "ce"):
set_conversion_mode("mbcs", "ignore")
else:
set_conversion_mode("ascii", "strict")
class c_wchar_p(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "Z"
class c_wchar(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "u"
POINTER(c_wchar).from_param = c_wchar_p.from_param #_SimpleCData.c_wchar_p_from_param
def create_unicode_buffer(init, size=None):
"""create_unicode_buffer(aString) -> character array
create_unicode_buffer(anInteger) -> character array
create_unicode_buffer(aString, anInteger) -> character array
"""
if isinstance(init, (str, unicode)):
if size is None:
size = len(init)+1
buftype = c_wchar * size
buf = buftype()
buf.value = init
return buf
elif isinstance(init, (int, long)):
buftype = c_wchar * init
buf = buftype()
return buf
raise TypeError(init)
POINTER(c_char).from_param = c_char_p.from_param #_SimpleCData.c_char_p_from_param
# XXX Deprecated
def SetPointerType(pointer, cls):
if _pointer_type_cache.get(cls, None) is not None:
raise RuntimeError("This type already exists in the cache")
if id(pointer) not in _pointer_type_cache:
raise RuntimeError("What's this???")
pointer.set_type(cls)
_pointer_type_cache[cls] = pointer
del _pointer_type_cache[id(pointer)]
# XXX Deprecated
def ARRAY(typ, len):
return typ * len
################################################################
class CDLL(object):
"""An instance of this class represents a loaded dll/shared
library, exporting functions using the standard C calling
convention (named 'cdecl' on Windows).
The exported functions can be accessed as attributes, or by
indexing with the function name. Examples:
<obj>.qsort -> callable object
<obj>['qsort'] -> callable object
Calling the functions releases the Python GIL during the call and
reacquires it afterwards.
"""
_func_flags_ = _FUNCFLAG_CDECL
_func_restype_ = c_int
def __init__(self, name, mode=DEFAULT_MODE, handle=None,
use_errno=False,
use_last_error=False):
self._name = name
flags = self._func_flags_
if use_errno:
flags |= _FUNCFLAG_USE_ERRNO
if use_last_error:
flags |= _FUNCFLAG_USE_LASTERROR
class _FuncPtr(_CFuncPtr):
_flags_ = flags
_restype_ = self._func_restype_
self._FuncPtr = _FuncPtr
if handle is None:
self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)
else:
self._handle = handle
def __repr__(self):
return "<%s '%s', handle %x at %x>" % \
(self.__class__.__name__, self._name,
(self._handle & (_sys.maxint*2 + 1)),
id(self) & (_sys.maxint*2 + 1))
def __getattr__(self, name):
if name.startswith('__') and name.endswith('__'):
raise AttributeError(name)
func = self.__getitem__(name)
setattr(self, name, func)
return func
def __getitem__(self, name_or_ordinal):
func = self._FuncPtr((name_or_ordinal, self))
if not isinstance(name_or_ordinal, (int, long)):
func.__name__ = name_or_ordinal
return func
class PyDLL(CDLL):
"""This class represents the Python library itself. It allows to
access Python API functions. The GIL is not released, and
Python exceptions are handled correctly.
"""
_func_flags_ = _FUNCFLAG_CDECL | _FUNCFLAG_PYTHONAPI
if _os.name in ("nt", "ce"):
class WinDLL(CDLL):
"""This class represents a dll exporting functions using the
Windows stdcall calling convention.
"""
_func_flags_ = _FUNCFLAG_STDCALL
# XXX Hm, what about HRESULT as normal parameter?
# Mustn't it derive from c_long then?
from _ctypes import _check_HRESULT, _SimpleCData
class HRESULT(_SimpleCData):
_type_ = "l"
# _check_retval_ is called with the function's result when it
# is used as restype. It checks for the FAILED bit, and
# raises a WindowsError if it is set.
#
# The _check_retval_ method is implemented in C, so that the
# method definition itself is not included in the traceback
# when it raises an error - that is what we want (and Python
# doesn't have a way to raise an exception in the caller's
# frame).
_check_retval_ = _check_HRESULT
class OleDLL(CDLL):
"""This class represents a dll exporting functions using the
Windows stdcall calling convention, and returning HRESULT.
HRESULT error values are automatically raised as WindowsError
exceptions.
"""
_func_flags_ = _FUNCFLAG_STDCALL
_func_restype_ = HRESULT
class LibraryLoader(object):
def __init__(self, dlltype):
self._dlltype = dlltype
def __getattr__(self, name):
if name[0] == '_':
raise AttributeError(name)
dll = self._dlltype(name)
setattr(self, name, dll)
return dll
def __getitem__(self, name):
return getattr(self, name)
def LoadLibrary(self, name):
return self._dlltype(name)
cdll = LibraryLoader(CDLL)
pydll = LibraryLoader(PyDLL)
if _os.name in ("nt", "ce"):
pythonapi = PyDLL("python dll", None, _sys.dllhandle)
elif _sys.platform == "cygwin":
pythonapi = PyDLL("libpython%d.%d.dll" % _sys.version_info[:2])
else:
pythonapi = PyDLL(None)
if _os.name in ("nt", "ce"):
windll = LibraryLoader(WinDLL)
oledll = LibraryLoader(OleDLL)
if _os.name == "nt":
GetLastError = windll.kernel32.GetLastError
else:
GetLastError = windll.coredll.GetLastError
from _ctypes import get_last_error, set_last_error
def WinError(code=None, descr=None):
if code is None:
code = GetLastError()
if descr is None:
descr = FormatError(code).strip()
return WindowsError(code, descr)
_pointer_type_cache[None] = c_void_p
if sizeof(c_uint) == sizeof(c_void_p):
c_size_t = c_uint
elif sizeof(c_ulong) == sizeof(c_void_p):
c_size_t = c_ulong
elif sizeof(c_ulonglong) == sizeof(c_void_p):
c_size_t = c_ulonglong
# functions
from _ctypes import _memmove_addr, _memset_addr, _string_at_addr, _cast_addr
## void *memmove(void *, const void *, size_t);
memmove = CFUNCTYPE(c_void_p, c_void_p, c_void_p, c_size_t)(_memmove_addr)
## void *memset(void *, int, size_t)
memset = CFUNCTYPE(c_void_p, c_void_p, c_int, c_size_t)(_memset_addr)
def PYFUNCTYPE(restype, *argtypes):
class CFunctionType(_CFuncPtr):
_argtypes_ = argtypes
_restype_ = restype
_flags_ = _FUNCFLAG_CDECL | _FUNCFLAG_PYTHONAPI
return CFunctionType
_cast = PYFUNCTYPE(py_object, c_void_p, py_object, py_object)(_cast_addr)
def cast(obj, typ):
return _cast(obj, obj, typ)
_string_at = PYFUNCTYPE(py_object, c_void_p, c_int)(_string_at_addr)
def string_at(ptr, size=-1):
"""string_at(addr[, size]) -> string
Return the string at addr."""
return _string_at(ptr, size)
try:
from _ctypes import _wstring_at_addr
except ImportError:
pass
else:
_wstring_at = PYFUNCTYPE(py_object, c_void_p, c_int)(_wstring_at_addr)
def wstring_at(ptr, size=-1):
"""wstring_at(addr[, size]) -> string
Return the string at addr."""
return _wstring_at(ptr, size)
if _os.name in ("nt", "ce"): # COM stuff
def DllGetClassObject(rclsid, riid, ppv):
try:
ccom = __import__("comtypes.server.inprocserver", globals(), locals(), ['*'])
except ImportError:
return -2147221231 # CLASS_E_CLASSNOTAVAILABLE
else:
return ccom.DllGetClassObject(rclsid, riid, ppv)
def DllCanUnloadNow():
try:
ccom = __import__("comtypes.server.inprocserver", globals(), locals(), ['*'])
except ImportError:
return 0 # S_OK
return ccom.DllCanUnloadNow()
from ctypes._endian import BigEndianStructure, LittleEndianStructure
# Fill in specifically-sized types
c_int8 = c_byte
c_uint8 = c_ubyte
for kind in [c_short, c_int, c_long, c_longlong]:
if sizeof(kind) == 2: c_int16 = kind
elif sizeof(kind) == 4: c_int32 = kind
elif sizeof(kind) == 8: c_int64 = kind
for kind in [c_ushort, c_uint, c_ulong, c_ulonglong]:
if sizeof(kind) == 2: c_uint16 = kind
elif sizeof(kind) == 4: c_uint32 = kind
elif sizeof(kind) == 8: c_uint64 = kind
del(kind)
# XXX for whatever reasons, creating the first instance of a callback
# function is needed for the unittests on Win64 to succeed. This MAY
# be a compiler bug, since the problem occurs only when _ctypes is
# compiled with the MS SDK compiler. Or an uninitialized variable?
CFUNCTYPE(c_int)(lambda: None)